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Writing Peace: Treaties and Agreements
(2019) Declaration by HMG Concerning the Operation of the 'Democratic Consent In Northern Ireland' Provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland
Saturday, 19 October 2019
The declaration by Her Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland relates to the operation of the ‘Democratic consent in Northern Ireland’ provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland.
This declaration asserts the commitment of HMG to provide members of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLAs) with the opportunity to grant their consent to the continued application of the Protocol (Articles 5-10) - which include arrangements for free movement of goods and post-Brexit customs and regulatory checks.
An initial vote on democratic consent is scheduled for the end of 2024.
Published under Crown Copyright. Free to re-use under the Open Government Licence.
Writing Peace: Treaties and Agreements
(To go a specific resource item, please click on its link.)
- (1800) Act of Union (Ireland) 1800. Revised Version
- (1800) Union with Ireland Act 1800. Revised Version
- (1870) The Landlord and Tenant (Ireland) Act
- (1886) The Home Rule Bill
- (1914) Government of Ireland Act 1914: An Act to Amend the Provision for the Government of Ireland
- (1920) Government of Ireland Act 1920: an Act to Provide for the Better Government of Ireland
- (1921) Anglo-Irish Treaty: Articles of Agreement for a Treaty between Great Britain and Ireland
- (1973) Sunningdale Agreement
- (1985) Anglo-Irish Agreement
- (1993) Joint Declaration: Downing Street Declaration
- (1995) A New Framework Agreement
- (1998) The Belfast Agreement: an Agreement Reached at the Multi-Party Talks on Northern Ireland
- (1999) Agreement Establishing Implementation Bodies
- (1999) Agreement Establishing a British-Irish Council
- (1999) Agreement Establishing a North/South Ministerial Council
- (1999) British-Irish Agreement Act
- (1999) Draft Joint Declaration by the British And Irish Governments at Hillsborough Castle
- (2002) Agreement on Police Co-Operation
- (2003) Agreement between the British and Irish Governments: Monitoring and Compliance
- (2003) Independent Monitoring Commission Act
- (2003) Joint Declaration by the British and Irish Governments
- (2004) Agreement Establishing the Independent Monitoring Commission
- (2004) Proposals for a Comprehensive Agreement at Leeds Castle
- (2005) Agreement on Co-Operation on Criminal Justice Matters
- (2006) Agreement at St Andrews
- (2006) Joint Declaration by the British and Irish Governments
- (2007) Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Ireland
- (2010) Agreement at Hillsborough Castle
- (2010) Agreement on Co-Operation on Criminal Justice Matters
- (2014) The Stormont House Agreement
- (2015) A Fresh Start: The Stormont Agreement and Implementation Plan
- (2016) Agreement Establishing the Independent Reporting Commission
- (2019) Declaration by HMG Concerning the Operation of the 'Democratic Consent In Northern Ireland' Provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland
- (2019) Memorandum of Understanding between the Two Governments Concerning the Common Travel Area and Associated Reciprocal Rights and Privileges
- (2019) Revised Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland Included in the Withdrawal Agreement
- (2023) The Windsor Framework: A New Way Forward
- (2023) Windsor Political Declaration
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Declaration by Her Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning the operation of the ‘Democratic consent in Northern Ireland’ provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland
19 October 2019
Declaration by Her Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning the operation of the ‘Democratic consent in Northern Ireland’ provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland
Presented to Parliament pursuant to Section 1 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act (No. 2) 2019 and Section 13 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018
19 October 2019
© Crown copyright 2019
This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence,
visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3.
Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned.
This publication is available at www.gov.uk/official-documents. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at publiccorrespondence@cabinetoffice.gov.uk.
ISBN 978-1-5286-1641-6 CCS1019298070 10/19
Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum
Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office
Declaration of 17 October 2019 by Her Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning the operation of the ‘Democratic consent in Northern Ireland’ provision of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland
The United Kingdom recalls its obligation under Article 18 of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland to provide the opportunity for democratic consent in Northern Ireland to the continued application of certain provisions in that Protocol in a manner consistent with the 1998 Agreement. It notes that under that Article, the modalities for determining democratic consent must be in accordance with this declaration.
The notification to the European Union of the outcome of the democratic consent processes under Article 18 of the Protocol is a matter for the Government of the United Kingdom under paragraph 3 of Schedule 2 to the Northern Ireland Act 1998.
The United Kingdom affirms that the objective of the democratic consent process set out below should be to seek to achieve agreement that is as broad as possible in Northern Ireland and, where possible, through a process taken forward and supported by a power sharing Northern Ireland Executive which has conducted a thorough process of public consultation. This should include cross-community consultation, upholding the delicate balance of the 1998 Agreement, with the aim of achieving broad consensus across all communities to the extent possible.
The United Kingdom Government will provide support as appropriate to the Northern Ireland Executive in consulting with businesses, civil society groups, representative organisations (including of the agricultural community) and trade unions on the democratic consent decision. Where the democratic consent process is operating under the alternative process provided for in paragraph 5, the United Kingdom Government will provide support as appropriate to Members of the Legislative Assembly in consulting with businesses, civil society groups, representative organisations (including of the agricultural community) and trade unions on the democratic consent decision. The North South Ministerial Council and British-Irish Intergovernmental Conference should be involved in any consultation process.
The United Kingdom affirms that the process for affording or withholding consent does not have any bearing on or implications for the constitutional status of Northern Ireland, which is set out in the 1998 Agreement and remains wholly unaffected by the Withdrawal Agreement. The United Kingdom remains able to make further provision for the role of the Northern Ireland Executive and Assembly within its own constitutional arrangements, and providing these are without prejudice to this declaration, the Withdrawal Agreement and the 1998 Agreement.
Commitment to legislate for a democratic consent process
1. The United Kingdom undertakes to reflect as necessary in the legislation of the United Kingdom the commitments in respect of the democratic consent mechanism set out in this Declaration in advance of the date on which notice is first provided under paragraph 2, including in respect of the independent review set out in paragraph 7.
Transmission of the notice
2. The United Kingdom Government will give two months’ written notice to the First Minister and deputy First Minister, the Presiding Officer, and / or the Clerk to the Northern Ireland Assembly of each date on which the United Kingdom will provide notification to the European Union as to whether there is democratic consent in Northern Ireland to the continued application of Articles 5 to 10 of the Protocol.
Democratic Consent Process
3. The United Kingdom undertakes to provide for a Northern Ireland democratic consent process that consists of:
a. A vote to be held in the Northern Ireland Assembly on a motion, in line with Article 18 of the Protocol, that Articles 5 to 10 of the Protocol shall continue to apply in Northern Ireland.
b. Consent to be provided by the Northern Ireland Assembly if the majority of the Members of the Assembly, present and voting, vote in favour of the motion.
c. The Northern Ireland Assembly notifying the United Kingdom Government of the outcome of the consent process no less than 5 days before the date on which the United Kingdom is due to provide notification of the consent process to the European Union.
4. The United Kingdom will make provision such that if the motion for the purpose of paragraph 3(a) has not been proposed by the First Minister and deputy First Minister, acting jointly, within one month of the written notice in paragraph 2 being given, the motion can instead be tabled by any Member of the Legislative Assembly. Where the motion for the purpose of paragraph 3(a) has been proposed by the First Minister and deputy First Minister the Northern Ireland Executive should consider the matter in line with normal practice and procedure, including providing the Assembly with explanatory materials as appropriate.
Alternative process
5. The United Kingdom will provide for an alternative democratic consent process in the event that it is not possible to undertake the democratic consent process in the manner provided for in paragraphs 3 and 4.
6. The alternative process referred to in paragraph 5 will make provision for democratic consent to be provided by Members of the Legislative Assembly if the majority of the Members of the Legislative Assembly, present and voting, vote in favour of the continued application of Articles 5 to 10 of the Protocol on Northern Ireland and Ireland in a vote specifically arranged for this purpose. This alternative process will also provide for the United Kingdom Government to be notified of the outcome of the consent process.
Independent review
7. In the event that any vote in favour of the continued application of Articles 5 to 10 of the Protocol, held as part of the democratic consent process or alternative democratic consent process, is passed by a simple majority in line with paragraph 3b rather than with cross community support, the United Kingdom Government will commission an independent review into the functioning of the Northern Ireland Protocol and the implications of any decision to continue or terminate alignment on social, economic and political life in Northern Ireland.
8. The independent review will make recommendations to the Government of the United Kingdom, including with regard to any new arrangements it believes could command cross-community support.
9. The independent review will include close consultation with the Northern Ireland political parties, businesses, civil society groups, representative organisations (including of the agricultural sector) and trade unions. It will conclude within two years of the vote referred to in paragraph 7 above.
CCS1019298070 ISBN 978-1-5286-1641-6