Joseph Rainey

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The Civil Rights Act of 1875

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Joseph Rainey

Quill platform ID: p7325.

(June 21, 1832 — August 2, 1887) Rainey was a barber, businessman, and politician. Joseph Hayne Rainey was born in Georgetown, South Carolina. He received limited schooling and became a barber until 1862. During the Civil War, he was enslaved and forced to work on the Confederate fortifications in Charleston. He was able to escape to Bermuda, where he stayed until the end of the war. Upon returning to South Carolina, Rainey served at the South Carolina State constitutional convention in 1868, and also served in the State Senate from 1868 to 1870. Rainey was the first Black African American to be elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1870. He was elected as a Republican to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of B. Franklin Whittemore. He was reelected to the Forty-Second Congress and served for the three succeeding Congresses. His service in Congress spanned from December 12, 1870 to March 3, 1879. [Source: “Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774 - Present,” available at https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/R000016]

Member of South Carolina Delegation—The Civil Rights Act of 1875.

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