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This negotiation contains a selection of mini-models designed to provide an insight into the ongoing work of PACT and to demonstrate Quill's approach to visualising the archive material and tracking the process of negotiation. It differs from our usual approach in that we will be presenting only certain documents and moments in isolation, rather than including everything tabled during the course of a negotiation. This collection is still under construction, and we will be regularly adding small amounts of new material.
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The Framing of India's Constitution: Select Documents (vol. 2)
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Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
2. The following sub-committees were set up: Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee (1) Acharya J.B. Kripalani, (2) Mr. M.R. Masani, (3) Professor K.T. Shah, (4) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, (5) Sir Alladi Krishnamwami Ayyar, (6) Mr. K.M. Munshi, (7) Sardar... Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Present: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar, Mr. M.R. Masani, Shri K.T. Shah, Sardar Harnam Singh, Shri Jairamdas Daulatram, Mr. K.M. Munshi. Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The Constitutional Adviser was also present. Monday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
K.M. Munshi's Draft Articles on Fundamental Rights Monday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
B.N. Rau's Notes on the Draft Report Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Draft Report of the Sub-Committee on Fundamental Rights (consideration) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Clause 37 Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Clause 37: Amendment Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Insert as first sub-clause (re-numbering the other clauses consequentially), the following: “All persons shall be equal before the law”. Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Clause 37: Amendment Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Insert as first sub-clause (re-numbering the other clauses consequentially), the following: “All persons shall be equal before the law”. Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Draft Report of the Sub-Committee on Fundamental Rights Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Motion to Take up the Report from the Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights Paragraph by Paragraph Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. After discussion, it was agreed that the committee should first of all consider the report of the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee, paragraph by paragraph, to see whether any of the provisions recommended by it requires to be amplified or amended... Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
The Chairman then called upon Mr. K.M. Munshi to read out the report of the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee*, and to explain its recommendations, where necessary. *Document No. 4(viii). Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Draft Report of the Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights (Minorities Subcommittee) Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35 Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(i) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(ii) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(iii) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(iv) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(v) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(vi) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35(i): Amendment to Substitute 'persons' with 'citizens' Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35—Sub-clause (1): Recommend that for the word "persons", "citizens" be substituted and the clause transferred to an appropriate place among the justiciable rights, with a proviso to make it clear that certain persons occupying high positions in... Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Motion to Move Clause 51(i) to the Section on Justiciable Rights Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 35—Sub-clause (1): Recommend that for the word "persons", "citizens" be substituted and the clause transferred to an appropriate place among the justiciable rights, with a proviso to make it clear that certain persons occupying high positions in... Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Interim Report of the Subcommittee on Minorities Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
5. On a motion by the Chairman the draft interim report of the commitee [sic] was then read out and approved. It was decided that it should be circulated immediately to all members of the Advisory Committee for consideration at its meeting on the 21st... Saturday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Report of the Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Let us take up clause by clause. If any member finds it difficult to give his opinion at the moment, without further consideration, we shall consider at that time. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Report on Fundamental Rights (Advisory Committee) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Bakshi Tek Chand: What about Part II ? Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: That has been held over. Tuesday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Supplementary Report on Fundamental Rights (Advisory Committee) Monday August 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles of Social Policy Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Promoting Welfare of the People Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: (1) The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the whole people by securing and... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on the Right to Adequate Means of Livelihood Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (2) (a) The State shall, in particular direct its policy toward securing that... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on the Distribution of Resources Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (b) That the ownership and control of the material resources of the country are... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on the Development of Free Competition Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (c) That the operation of free competition shall not be allowed so to develop as... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Rights of Workers Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
2. The following sub-committees were set up: [...] 5. Minorities Sub-Committee (1) The Hon'ble Shri Jagjivan Ram, (2) The Hon'ble Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, (3) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, (4) Sardar Harnam Singh, (5) Dr. S.P. Mookerjee, (6) Sardar Ujjal... Thursday February 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Present: The Hon’ble Sardar Vallabhbhai J. Patel (Chairman): (2) Bakshi Sir Tek Chand; (3) Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava; (4) Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee; (5) Shri Prithvi Singh Azad; (6) Shri Dharam Prakash; (7) Shri H. J. Khandekar; (8) The Hon’ble Shri... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Present: The Hon’ble Sardar Vallabhbhai J. Patel (Chairman): (2) Bakshi Sir Tek Chand; (3) Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava; (4) Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee; (5) Shri Prithvi Singh Azad; (6) Shri Dharam Prakash; (7) Shri H. J. Khandekar; (8) The Hon’ble Shri... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Present: The Hon’ble Sardar Vallabhbhai J. Patel (Chairman): (2) Bakshi Sir Tek Chand; (3) Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava; (4) Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee; (5) Shri Prithvi Singh Azad; (6) Shri Dharam Prakash; (7) Shri H. J. Khandekar; (8) The Hon’ble Shri... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (d) That the strength and health of workers, men and women, and the tender age... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision against Child Abandonment Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (e) That childhood and youth are protected against moral and material abandonment. Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Securing Right to Work, Education, and Public Assistance Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (f) Here insert the substance of Article 13, at page 155 of Lauterpacht's... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Committee
Points of Consideration and Motion to Take up the Report Clause by Clause Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Securing Just and Humane Working Conditions Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (g) Here insert the substance of Article 14, ibid. Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Article VII (1) of Munshi's Draft Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (h) Here insert the substance of clause 1 of Article VII of Mr. Munshi's draft. Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Maternity Rights Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (i) Here insert a clause regarding maternity benefits for women... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Equal Pay for Men and Women Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (j) Here insert a clause providing for equal pay for equal work for men and... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Marriage Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (k) Here insert a clause as in the first sentence of Article XXIV of the... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Uniform Civil Code Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (l) Here insert a clause regarding uniform civil code for the country. Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Provision on Families Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The committee then turned to the examination of the directive principles of social policy and considered that the following should be provided for under this head: [...] (m) Here insert a clause providing for the following: the preservation of the... Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Article II, Section 2 (3) of Ambedkar's Memorandum Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
The consideration of para. 3 of Dr. Ambedkar's memorandum was postponed. [Editors' Note: Though the Minutes note this paragraph as postponed, there is no record of it being taken up again.] Sunday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Directive Principles of Social Policy: B.N. Rau's Redraft Monday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 39 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
Part A, Item (4) of B.N. Rau's Pamphlet on Fundamental Rights: Amendment Monday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
K.M. Munshi's Draft Articles on Fundamental Rights Monday March 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Draft Report of the Sub-Committee on Fundamental Rights Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
The Chairman then called upon Mr. K.M. Munshi to read out the report of the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee*, and to explain its recommendations, where necessary. *Document No. 4(viii). Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 10 Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Mr. Brahma: Provision should be specifically made for the creation of exclusive belts of tribal territory for the Assam tribes. Mr. Khandekar: There should be no persons classified as a criminal tribe. Dr. Ambedkar: The existing legislation regarding... Thursday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 10: Note to Sub-clause (e) Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 10. Sub-clause (e): The effect of this clause on existing legislation regarding criminal tribes should be examined. A note drawing attention to this should be included in the report to the Advisory Committee. Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Clause 10 (f): Rup Nath Brahma's Amendment to Reserve Lands for Minorities Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Subcommittee on Minorities
Sub-clause (f): Mr. Brahma suggested that an amendment should be made to make it clear that lands may be reserved for minorities, such as the Assam tribes. He thought that the expression "public interest" may not be adequate for this purpose. It was... Friday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Let us take up clause by clause. If any member finds it difficult to give his opinion at the moment, without further consideration, we shall consider at that time. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Report on Fundamental Rights (Advisory Committee) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10, Preamble Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
C. Rajagopalachari: If there is serious objection, I do not press my suggestion. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
B. R. Ambedkar: After a great deal of discussion, we came to the conclusion that this was the proper form. I would request that this may be retained. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: The preamble is accepted. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (a): B.R. Ambedkar's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Points of Consideration and Motion to Take up the Report Clause by Clause Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10: Preamble: C. Rajagopalachari's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
K. M. Munshi: The position is this. Governments may restrict the exercise of rights. With reference to morality, governments may restrict it mostly by laws. This is a well recognised phrase in all constitutions. Trying to qualify that would create... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (a): Ayyar's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (a): Panikkar's Amendment to Ayyar's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar: Yes, we can do that. I have in my mind sec. 153A of the Penal Code; I am not wedded to any particular expression, I only want this to be brought out Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Syama Prasad Mookerjee: We did discuss this question yesterday, of adding the words “class or communal hatred” and felt that it would be dangerous to do so, because it may cut both ways. Even simple expression of opinion against a party in power may be... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (a): C. Rajapogpalachari's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: This does not appear to be an easy matter to decide. We can only decide it by vote. So we shall take votes on this now. We shall take communal hatred and class hatred separately. [Editor's Note: In saying that communal hatred and class... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
K. M. Munshi: The right of free expression is now recognised all over the world, and it has been felt that speeches or writings tending towards communal or class hatred, if they do not go to the extent of causing violence or crime, may be permitted.... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: [...] Those who are in favour of Rajaji's amendment will raise their hands. (The amendment C. Rajagopalachari was lost...). Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Description Para (a) The proviso should be redrafted as follows: Provision may be made by law to make the publication or utterance of seditious, obscene, blasphemous, slanderous, libellous or defamatory matter actionable or punishable. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
...The original clause was passed). Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
C. Rajagopdachari: I have still a hope in spite of this vote against me that we may be able to induce a reasonable Union to pass a law that communal hatred shall be seditious. K. M. Panikkar: The change suggested by Dr. Ambedkar covers our friend’s... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (b) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
K. M. Munshi: Without arms they can meet and have a rioting. That is why both words are necessary. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (b): Part 2 of R.K. Sidhwa's Fifth Tabled Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
C. Rajagopdachari: I should like to know whether they mean to give any magisterial powers or not. I understand the law as it is provided to mean that unless there is a legislative act passed against such a meeting there may be no interference at any... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (b): Bakshi Tek Chand's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
(Clause 10(c) carried without division). Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: (The deletion of the clause was put to vote.) The deletion of the clause is carried. Clause (d) is deleted. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (e) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
R. K. Sidhwa : What about spies? K. M. Munshi: This is subject to public order. It is provided in the preamble. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
C. Rajagopalachari: What about a municipal meeting? What is your attitude about a municipal meeting? I therefore respectfully submit to you that instead of trying to make detailed provisions of this kind in the fundamental thing, we ought to stick to... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar: As regards clause 10 (d) I have a very strong objection. May I point out that first of all we have got now in the Indian Evidence Act the secrecy of correspondence which is protected only in special cases? If we have this one... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Motion by the Subcommittee on Minorities to Re-examine the Law Regarding Criminal Trials Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
K. M. Munshi: That would be covered by the provision for public order. C. Rajagopalachari: The idea is not to travel over the ground of suspected characters and the like. But foreign countries required visas and so on. Between the units inter se there... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Let us finish this clause. Shall we take it that the clause is to be retained subject to the examination of its effect on the criminal tribes? That is what the Minorities Committee has recommended. K. M. Munshi: It was only the opinion of... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: [...] Clause (e) is accepted. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (f) Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10 (f): K.M. Munshi's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
K. M. Munshi: The words 'public interests' should be 'public interest'. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Clause (f) is accepted as amended. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Clause (f) is accepted as amended. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Motion to Adjourn Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: [...] We now adjourn for lunch. Mr. Munshi's Committee will meet at 3 p.m. and we will meet at 4 P.M. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Clause 10: S.P. Mookherjee's Amendment Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
B. R. Ambedkar: I do not mind the matter being held back and considered later. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
C. Rajagopalachari: I can imagine what is in my friend's mind when he makes this suggestion. He wants that once a law is passed that a man can keep arms, this power cannot be taken away from him. But I think it is dangerous to keep the law in such a... Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Chairman: Then clause 11. Monday April 1947Committee: Negotiation of Article 19 in the Advisory Committee
Purshottamdas Tandon: I do not at all see the point of putting off this matter. I have not followed you at all. Chairman: The difficulty is you were not here this morning. The Muslim League either comes in or not. If they come in, then surely such... Monday April 1947